Flotation Success Delivers Pathway to Improved Recoveries
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ELIZABETH CREEK
2024X
ASX RELEASE
18 June 2024
ASX Code: COD
Oxide Flotation Success Delivers Pathway to Improved Recoveries
Material uplift in rougher flotation stage recoveries for the Windabout deposit achieved through the
application of novel oxide collectors – with significant positive implications for copper recoveries across the
entire Elizabeth Creek Project.
Highlights
•
Metallurgical test work breakthrough using novel oxide collectors has demonstrated a pathway to achieving higher
copper recoveries across the Elizabeth Creek Copper-Cobalt Project.
•
First stage of work undertaken on Windabout Deposit, test work to be expanded to Emmie Bluff and MG14.
•
The improvement has step-change potential for the Project, where improvements in metal recoveries is a
significant potential source of revenue uplift.
•
Detailed follow-up test work will commence in the coming days focused on reagent optimisation, multi-stage
grinding/flotation and the reintroduction of de-sliming and cleaner floats to the process.
•
The next stage of work is expected to produce a representative final concentrate grade for inclusion in updated
project economics.
Coda Minerals Limited (ASX: COD, “Coda”, or “the Company”) is pleased to report highly encouraging initial results from
ongoing metallurgical test work being undertaken on material sourced from its 100%-owned Elizabeth Creek CopperCobalt Project in South Australia. This work builds on the most recent iteration of the Project’s strongly positive Scoping
Study, delivered in March 2024 1.
The results reported today relate to recently completed metallurgical test work on material from Windabout, one of the
open pit deposits at Elizabeth Creek. A series of flotation tests were undertaken to assess the impact of novel oxide
collectors (Syensquo Aero® Ox 100 series and 3418A) on copper recovery. Both sets of tests were successful in improving
recoveries of both copper and cobalt (see Table 1, Figure 1 and Figure 2).
Test work was performed on Windabout mineralisation and were designed to improve recoveries during the initial
“rougher” stages of flotation by seeking to better float copper oxides. These oxides are estimated to make up
approximately 25% of the copper mineralisation in Windabout.
Strongly positive results were observed compared to baseline flotation. When concentrates were produced to comparable
grades using each method, the modified flowsheets reported significantly higher recoveries. In particular, test JR12 noted
below producing an 11.6% increase in copper recovery compared to baseline at a comparable copper grade.
Discussing the new results, Coda’s CEO Chris Stevens said: “To deliver a transformational uplift at Elizabeth Creek we have
two major levers to pull: the first is in exploring for additional Resources and the second is in seeking to increase copper
recoveries. This work is the first step in achieving improvements to recoveries by delivering a major uplift during the rougher
float stages without incurring any significant additional costs. Pursuing an Increase in recovery numbers is extremely
1
For full details, see “Further Key Improvement in Underground Project Economics”, released to market on 14 March 2024 and available at
https://www.codaminerals.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/20240314_Coda_ASX-ANN_Further-Key-Improvement-in-Underground-ProjectEconomics_RELEASE.pdf
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important as it essentially delivers more payable metal from the same number of mined tonnes without a material increase
in costs.
ELIZABETH CREEK
“We have commenced test work with Windabout, which has the lowest overall recoveries across the Project, but we
anticipate that this change in flotation collectors will also deliver major improvements for the MG14 and Emmie Bluff
deposits. These tests show that this work has been extremely worthwhile, demonstrating unequivocally that the right
combination of reagents can concentrate the oxides within these deposits.
“With this successful application during the rougher stage, we will now progress to test work across the whole flotation
process through to cleaner concentrate. Following that we will then undertake test work on MG14 and Emmie Bluff as well.
Once complete, we anticipate that this work will give us updated recovery numbers for each deposit, flowing through
ultimately to a potentially significant boost to overall project economics.”
Figure 1 Rougher flotation Grade/Recovery curve for copper under the Scoping Study flowsheet (excl deslime) (JR10) and modified with various oxide
collectors (JR11 and JR12). Note the improvement in both grade and recovery relative to the baseline flowsheet, particularly in test JR12.
Table 1 Cumulative recovery and grade for multi-step rougher flotation. Please note that the low concentrate grades are due to the tests being rougher
flotation only – progression to cleaner concentrate is required to provide concentrate grades suitable for sale or treatment in a hydrometallurgical
processing plant. Coda has chosen to restrict these tests to rougher flotation due to this step being the most important for metal recovery, as well as to
ensure quicker and lower cost test work.
JR10 Standard Flowsheet
JR 11 Modified Flowsheet
JR12 Modified Flowsheet
% Cu
Recovery (% Cu)
% Cu
Recovery (% Cu)
% Cu
Recovery (% Cu)
Ro Conc 1
4.23
32.6
3.68
35.7
6.38
30.8
Ro Conc 1-2
3.40
43.2
3.70
46.6
4.36
45.1
Ro Conc 1-3
2.77
50.1
3.51
52.4
3.51
52.6
Ro Conc 1-4
2.39
54.5
3.08
58.7
2.95
58.1
Ro Conc 1-5
1.87
64.0
2.51
66.3
2.24
66.1
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ELIZABETH CREEK
The tests compared the rougher flotation performance using the baseline flowsheet which underpins the Elizabeth Creek
Scoping Study (minus the deslime step) with a pair of modified flowsheets which incorporate novel oxide collectors
principally from the Syensquo Aero® Ox 100 series. Conventional flotation is designed to separate copper which is hosted
as a sulphide, while the addition of oxide collectors facilitates the flotation of copper held as oxides as well. Diagnostic leach
tests suggest that approximately 25% of the copper in this sample is held as oxide, a figure well within the typical range for
this deposit and other deposits at Elizabeth Creek.
The modified oxide collector regimes improved net recoveries in two ways. First, slightly more total recovery was achieved
after 33 minutes vs the baseline flowsheet. Far more importantly however, when concentrates were produced to
comparable grades using each method, the oxide collectors generated significantly higher recoveries.
Test JR12, which used a more diverse array of oxide collectors, was particularly successful, with recovery consistently
materially higher at any given concentrate grade (see Figure 1) As an example, as shown in the highlighted cells in Table 1,
at a comparable grade (2.39% Cu vs 2.24% Cu), test JR12 saw an improvement of 11.6% in copper recovery relative to
baseline flotation. Equivalent recoveries were also achieved faster using the new collectors.
These results have the potential to improve net recovery markedly, while also potentially allowing for reduced CAPEX
through faster flotation concentration.
The Company is currently scoping up the next round of test work, which will focus on defining and optimising an improved
flowsheet making use of these collectors. The test work also identified a consistent Sulphur: Copper ratio between the
rougher concentrate and the tails/slimes, suggesting a significant amount of the copper lost to tails could be in sulphide
form, and therefore potentially available to flotation.
The next round of test work will assess adjustments to grind size and flotation techniques to attempt to capture an increased
percentage of this copper, further improving recovery.
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Detailed Technical Information
A baseline test (JR10) was undertaken using the standard flowsheet developed for the Elizabeth Creek Scoping Study (minus
the deslime step) to serve as a comparison. Various changes were made to the oxide collectors in tests JR11 and JR12 to
improve copper and cobalt recovery with JR11 seeing the addition of OC100 and OX101 in place of A9863, while JR12 saw
the use of 3418A as a collector along with OX100, 101 and 102.
The modified Oxide collector regimes saw marginal improved net recoveries after 33 minutes vs the baseline flowsheet, but
at significantly higher grades – particularly for JR12, which used a more diverse array of oxide collectors, recovery was
consistently materially higher at a given concentrate grade. See the highlighted cells in Table 1as an example – at a
comparable grade (2.39% Cu vs 2.24% Cu), test JR12 saw an improvement of 11.6% relative to baseline flotation.
Rougher Float Grade Recovery Curve - Co
JR10 - Standard Flowsheet
JR11 - Oxide Collectors
JR12 - Oxide Collectors
0.60
0.50
0.40
Grade (%)
ELIZABETH CREEK
A total of three rougher flotation tests were carried out on material from the Windabout deposit at Elizabeth Creek. The
material had a head grade of approximately 1.06% Cu and 0.06% Co.
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
Recovery (%)
Figure 2 Rougher flotation Grade/Recovery curve for cobalt under the Scoping Study flowsheet (excl deslime) (JR10) and modified with various oxide
collectors (JR11 and JR12). Baseline recovery of cobalt was reduced relative to the original scoping study due in part to lack of deslime, sample variability
and other factors.
Reagents were added according to the dosage detailed in Table 2. Samples were ground to P80 of 53µm and flotation was
carried out in 5 stages for a total of 33 minutes at a pulp density of 35% w/w. Tests were proof of concept and thus were
carried out in Perth tap water – future tests will be undertaken in synthetic or actual site water, which is highly saline.
Table 2 Test work reagent regimes.
CuSO4
PAX
Subtotal (g/t)
50
350
-
-
JR11
Subtotal (g/t)
50
250
40
40
JR12
Subtotal (g/t)
50
250
25
30
30
JR10
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OX100
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OX101
OX102
3418A
A9863
Cyquest3223
-
-
120
500
-
-
-
500
5
-
500
ELIZABETH CREEK
>30% of copper remained in tails for all three tests. This may be attributed to locking of copper minerals with gangue
minerals and relatively low liberation. A relatively high sulphur content was identified in the tailings, with a sulphur to copper
ratio very similar to that of the feed, indicating that copper sulphide minerals are very likely present in the tailings (as
opposed to copper in the tails being dominated by oxide or copper silicate minerals). Previous test work suggests that
approximately half of this copper would be expected to be lost during the deslime step when that is returned to the
flowsheet, however the remainder is likely to be available for flotation, and a multi-stage grind/flotation has been proposed
as a means to access this copper.
Next Steps
Coda is currently scoping the next phase of test work designed to assess a number of factors which collectively have the
potential to materially improve overall copper recovery.
The programme of test work, which the company anticipates will take approximately three months, will prioritise
optimization of the reagent scheme using oxide collectors in the rougher tests and sample from the Windabout ore body.
These tests will evaluate collector type, collector dosage, flotation time, dispersant and depressant type and the impact of
desliming. Staged grinding/flotation will also be undertaken to attempt to reduce sulphide (and oxide) losses to the tailings
in the rougher float.
This work should define a modified, optimised rougher flotation regime which will be followed up by rougher-cleaner tests
to assess a more complete flowsheet comparable to that which would be used in a real plant. The modified flowsheet will
also be tested on the other major deposits at Elizabeth Creek to confirm its applicability across the entire project.
Implications for Project Economics
Under the current flowsheet, copper recovery at Elizabeth Creek varies from deposit to deposit, and the most recent scoping
study assumed recoveries of 57.9%, 66.5% and 77.2% for the MG14, Windabout and Emmie Bluff deposits respectively 2.
While it should be noted that these figures have been assessed only to a level of detail consistent with Coda’s Scoping Study
and further variability test work is required, there is likely to remain considerable room for improvement.
Excluding loss to deslime (which accounts for approximately 16% of copper lost at the Windabout deposit, but no losses at
the other deposits which do not require deslime), the rest of the copper lost to tails is the result principally of liberation and
mineralogy, specifically oxide and silicate copper which are currently either not targeted (oxides) or cannot be floated with
modern conventional flotation techniques (silicates).
If successful, the proposed test work is designed to improve project economics in a number of ways:
•
•
•
Reducing copper losses in the flotation step, specifically through oxide collectors and multi-stage grinding and
flotation, would see increases to copper production and ultimately associated revenue with only very limited
increases in processing costs.
Improving recovery has the potential to adjust the relevant equations which drive mine planning, potentially
providing additional tonnes which can be economically mined from existing resources. Of all the deposits, the
leverage for improvement in this space is probably greatest at Windabout, which has an estimated production target
of only approximately 6 million tonnes from a defined resource in excess of 17 million tonnes.
Recovery appeared to progress faster with the new collectors relative to the old flowsheet. A faster recovery means
that potentially fewer or smaller flotation cells can process the same amount of tonnes and extract the same amount
of copper, potentially allowing for CAPEX reductions.
2 For full details, see “Positive Scoping Study – Elizabeth Creek Copper Cobalt Project”, released to the market on 23 March 2023 and available at
https://www.codaminerals.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/20230323_COD_ASX-ANN_Elizabeth-Creek-Scoping-Study_VRelease.pdf
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-
ELIZABETH CREEK
This announcement has been authorised for release by the Board of Coda Minerals Ltd
Further Information:
Chris Stevens
Chief Executive Officer
Coda Minerals Limited
info@codaminerals.com
Media:
Nicholas Read
Read Corporate
nicholas@readcorporate.com.au
Competent Person’s Statement
The information in this report which relates to metallurgical results is based on information compiled by Mr. Nick Vines,
who is an employee of Strategic Metallurgy, a metallurgical consultancy engaged by Coda Minerals. Mr Vines is a
Member of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and has sufficient relevant experience to the style of
metallurgical test work under consideration and interpretation thereof, and to the activities undertaken, to qualify as
a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Australasian Code for
Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Mr Vines consents to the inclusion in this report
of the matters based on the information compiled by him, in the form and context in which it appears.
About Coda Minerals
Coda Minerals Limited (ASX: COD) is focused on the discovery and development of minerals that are leveraged to the
global energy transformation through electrification and the adoption of renewable energy technologies.
Coda's flagship asset is the 100%-owned Elizabeth Creek Copper-Cobalt Project, located in the world-class Olympic
Copper Province in the Eastern Gawler Craton, South Australia’s most productive copper belt. Elizabeth Creek is centred
100km south of BHP’s Olympic Dam copper-gold-uranium mine, 15km from its new Oak Dam West Project and 50km
west of OZ Minerals’ Carrapateena copper-gold Project.
Coda consolidated 100% ownership of the Elizabeth Creek Copper Project after completing the acquisition of its former
joint venture partner, Torrens Mining, in the first half of 2022.
Elizabeth Creek consists principally of 701 square kilometres of tenure which hosts three known ‘Zambian-style’ coppercobalt deposits, including JORC 2012 compliant Indicated Mineral Resources at the Windabout (18Mt @ 1.14% CuEq)
and MG14 (1.8Mt @ 1.67% CuEq) deposits 3, and the Indicated/Inferred Emmie Bluff Mineral Resource 40.2Mt @ 1.87%
CuEq) 4. Collectively, the three resources at Elizabeth Creek now host a total of in excess of 1 million tonnes of contained
copper equivalent.
3 2020.10.26 - Confirmation Statements JORC, Competent Person: Tim Callaghan.
4 For full details, see “Scoping Study Update Delivers Materially Improved Economics”, released to market on 30 January 2024 and available at
https://www.codaminerals.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/20240130_Coda_ASX-ANN_Scoping-Study-Update-Delivers-Materially-ImprovedEconomics_RELEASE.pdf
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ELIZABETH CREEK
Coda has also discovered a significant IOCG system adjacent to and below the Emmie Bluff target, with initial deep
diamond drilling in June 2021 intersecting 200m of intense IOCG alteration at the Emmie IOCG target, including
approximately 50m of copper sulphide mineralisation 5. Since then, Coda has drilled 21 holes into Emmie IOCG, with all
but three returning significant widths of mineralisation, some over 3% copper and 0.5g/t gold 6.
Coda has a dual strategy for success at Elizabeth Creek. Firstly, it is working towards the next step in the development
process for its Zambian-style copper cobalt projects by advancing technical and economic studies to further improve
the Project’s economics as it works towards a full Pre-Feasibility Study and eventual development of the Project into
production.
Secondly, it is undertaking a substantial geophysical and interpretation programme at the Emmie IOCG prospect to
further understand the structures and extent of the geological model defined over the past year of drilling.
Coda also has 100% ownership of the Cameron River Copper-Gold Project, located in the highly prospective Mount Isa
Inlier in Queensland. The Project comprises 35km2 of copper and gold exploration tenure spanning two Exploration
Permits (EPMs 27042 and 27053).
5 2021.06.22 - Thick Zone of IOCG Mineralisation Intersected at Emmie Bluff Deeps, Competent Person: Mr Matthew Weber.
6 2022.08.18 – Assays from IOCG Drilling Confirm Target Areas for Follow Up, Competent Person: Mr Matthew Weber.
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Competent Persons’ Statements and Confirmatory Statement - Mineral Resource Estimates
ELIZABETH CREEK
Information regarding the MG14 and Windabout Mineral Resources is extracted from the report entitled “Confirmation
Statements JORC” created on 26th October 2020 and is available to view at https://www.codaminerals.com/wpcontent/uploads/2020/10/20201026_Coda_ASX-ANN_Confirmation-Statements-JORC.pdf
Information regarding the Company’s MG14 and Windabout Mineral Resource Estimates is based on, and fairly
represents, information and supporting documentation compiled by Tim Callaghan, who is self-employed. Mr Callaghan
is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (“AusIMM”), and has a minimum of five years’
experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity
which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for
Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’ (”JORC Code”). Mr Callaghan has consented to
the inclusion in this announcement of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
Information regarding the Emmie Bluff Mineral Resource is extracted from the report entitled “Scoping Study Update
Delivers Materially Improved Economics” released on 30th January 2024 and is available to view at
https://www.codaminerals.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/20240130_Coda_ASX-ANN_Scoping-Study-UpdateDelivers-Materially-Improved-Economics_RELEASE.pdf
Information regarding the Company’s Emmie Bluff Mineral Resource Estimates is based on, and fairly represents work
done by Dr Michael Cunningham of Sonny Consulting Services Pty Ltd. Dr Cunningham is a Member of the Australasian
Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and has sufficient relevant experience to the style of mineralisation and type of
deposit under consideration and to the activities undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012
Edition of the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral
Resources and Ore Reserves.
Listing Rule 5.23.2
The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information
included in the original market announcements cited in this announcement and, in the case of estimates of Mineral
Resources or Ore Reserves, that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the
relevant market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the
form and context in which the Competent Person’s findings are presented have not been materially modified from the
original market announcement.
Statement Regarding Metal Equivalent Calculations
Metal Equivalent grades are quoted for one or more of the Emmie Bluff, Windabout and MG14 Mineral Resources, or
for exploration results considered by the company to be related directly to one of these Mineral Resources, in this
announcement.
For the Emmie Bluff Mineral Resource:
The Emmie Bluff Mineral Resource is reported as 43Mt @ 1.3% Cu, 470 ppm Co, 11 g/t Ag and 0.15% Zn (1.84% Copper
Equivalent (CuEq)) reported at a cut-off grade of 1% CuEq. The calculation of this metal equivalent is based on the
following assumptions.
Metal
Copper
Cobalt
Zinc
Silver
Coefficient
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.85
Forecast Price
$7,000
$55,000
$2,100
$18.50
Price Unit
USD/Tonne
USD/Tonne
USD/Tonne
USD/Oz
Price assumptions used when calculating copper equivalent grades were based primarily on Consensus Economics
forecasts of metals, except for Cobalt, which was sourced via communication with subject matter experts. Metallurgical
assumptions used when calculating copper equivalent grades were based on a simple bulk float utilising rougher and
minimal cleaner/scavenger circuits. The produced a reasonably consistent mean recovery across most metals of
between approximately 83 and 94 percent. For simplicity, and to in part account for losses associated with less intensive
cleaner floats and losses to the hydromet plant, these figures were rounded down to the nearest 5%.
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Application of these assumptions resulted in the following calculation of CuEq:
ELIZABETH CREEK
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶% = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶% + 0.00068 × 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 0.337 × 𝑍𝑍𝑍𝑍 % + 90.3 ×
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
10000
For the Windabout and MG14 Mineral Resource:
The Windabout and MG14 Mineral Resource are reported at a cut-off grade of 0.5% CuEq as:
• Windabout: 17.67Mt @ 0.77% Cu, 492 ppm Co and 8 g/t Ag (1.41% CuEq)
• MG14: 1.83Mt @ 1.24% Cu, 334 ppm Co and 14 g/t Ag (1.84% CuEq)
The calculation of this metal equivalent is based on the following assumptions.
Metal
Copper
Cobalt
Mining
Recovery %
0.9
0.9
Dilution %
Recovery %
Payability %
Forecast Price
Price Unit
0.05
0.05
0.6
0.85
0.7
0.75
$6,600
$55,000
USD/Tonne
USD/Tonne
Price assumptions used when calculating copper equivalent grades were based on recent historical metal prices at the
time of calculation (2018). Metallurgical assumptions are based on extensive metallurgical testwork undertaken on the
two deposits to 2018 across various potential flowsheets involving both floatation and leaching. Ag analyses in the
estimation and metallurgical testwork were considered insufficient at the time to include in the metal equivalent
calculation.
Application of these assumptions resulted in the following calculation of CuEq:
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶% = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶% + 0.0012 × 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
It is the opinion of the company that both sets of prices used in the calculations are reasonable to conservative longterm forecasts for real dollar metal prices during the years most relevant to the deposits (approx. 2026-2030).
It is the opinion of the company that all of the elements included in the metal equivalent calculations have a reasonable
potential to be recovered and sold.
For full details of the Emmie Bluff Metal Equivalent calculation, please see “Standout 43Mt Maiden Cu-Co Resource at
Emmie Bluff”, released to the ASX on 20th December 2021 and available at https://www.codaminerals.com/wpcontent/uploads/2021/12/20211220_Coda_ASX-ANN_Standout-43Mt-Maiden-Cu-Co-Resource-at-EmmieBluff_RELEASE.pdf.
For full details of the MG14/Windabout Metal Equivalent Calculation, please see “Confirmation of Exploration Target
& Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve Statement”, released to the ASX on 23rd October 2020 and available at
https://www.codaminerals.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/20201026_Coda_ASX-ANN_Confirmation-StatementsJORC.pdf.
Forward Looking Statements
This announcement contains ‘forward-looking information’ that is based on the Company’s expectations, estimates
and projections as of the date on which the statements were made. This forward-looking information includes, among
other things, statements with respect to the Company’s business strategy, plans, development, objectives,
performance, outlook, growth, cash flow, projections, targets and expectations, mineral reserves and resources, results
of exploration and related expenses. Generally, this forward-looking information can be identified by the use of
forward-looking terminology such as ‘outlook’, ‘anticipate’, ‘project’, ‘target’, ‘potential’, ‘likely’, ‘believe’, ‘estimate’,
‘expect’, ‘intend’, ‘may’, ‘would’, ‘could’, ‘should’, ‘scheduled’, ‘will’, ‘plan’, ‘forecast’, ‘evolve’ and similar expressions.
Persons reading this announcement are cautioned that such statements are only predictions, and that the Company’s
actual future results or performance may be materially different. Forward-looking information is subject to known and
unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company’s actual results, level of activity,
performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking
information.
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ELIZABETH CREEK
Appendix 2: Detailed Technical Information and JORC Table 1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Sampling
• Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut channels,
techniques
random chips, or specific specialised industry
standard measurement tools appropriate to the
minerals under investigation, such as down hole
gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments,
etc). These examples should not be taken as
limiting the broad meaning of sampling.
• Include reference to measures taken to ensure
sample representivity and the appropriate
calibration of any measurement tools or systems
used.
• Aspects of the determination of mineralisation
that are Material to the Public Report.
• In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been
done this would be relatively simple (e.g. ‘reverse
circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples
from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g
charge for fire assay’). In other cases more
explanation may be required, such as where there
is coarse gold that has inherent sampling
problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation
types (e.g. submarine nodules) may warrant
disclosure of detailed information.
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Commentary
• Metallurgical sample was taken from sample drilled and composited in
2018/2019.
• Samples were collected as 8 inch core from two drillholes in the Windabout
deposit.
• The material has been kept in cold storage since compositing/flotation to
minimise oxidation.
ELIZABETH CREEK
Criteria
Drilling
techniques
Drill
sample
recovery
JORC Code explanation
• Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-hole
hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic,
etc) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple or
standard tube, depth of diamond tails, facesampling bit or other type, whether core is
oriented and if so, by what method, etc).
•
•
•
Logging
•
•
•
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Commentary
• Drilling has not been reported as part of this release.
• Metallurgical sample was taken from 8” diamond core (Windabout).
Method of recording and assessing core and chip
sample recoveries and results assessed.
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and
ensure representative nature of the samples.
Whether a relationship exists between sample
recovery and grade and whether sample bias may
have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of
fine/coarse material.
•
•
Drilling has not been reported as part of this release.
Metallurgical sample was taken fro
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